1. Network cable
Here is a simple talk about the network cable, the network cable is more familiar to everyone, according to different specifications of the network cable has different transmission distance. The network cable is transmitting network signals, if it exceeds the distance that the network cable itself can withstand, the signal will be attenuated, and in severe cases, the network signal will be interrupted.
Category 5, Category 6 are 100 meters, regular oxygen-free copper Category 6 line can reach about 120 meters, if you want to increase the transmission distance, repeaters can be installed between the two twisted pairs, up to 4 repeaters. If 4 repeaters are installed to connect 5 network segments, the maximum transmission distance can reach 500m.
Second, optical fiber
The transmission distance of the network cable is limited and cannot solve the long-distance data transmission, so optical fiber can be used for long-distance transmission. Optical fiber is divided into multimode and singlemode, and the distance of multimode transmission is farther than that of network cable, but shorter than singlemode. In 10Mbps and 100Mbps Ethernet, multimode fiber can support a transmission distance of up to 2000 meters; In a 1Gbps gigabit network, multimode fiber can support a transmission distance of up to 550 meters; So multimode is now used less.
Single-mode fiber can support longer transmission distances than multimode fiber, and single-mode fiber can support transmission distances of more than 5000m in 100Mbps Ethernet to 1G Gigabit networks. The devices used in single-mode optical modules are twice as many as multimode optical modules, so the overall cost of single-mode optical modules is higher than that of multimode optical modules; The transmission distance of single-mode optical modules can reach 150 to 200 km. Therefore, for long-distance transmission, optical fiber can be used to solve the problem, such as remote monitoring projects.
Third, HDMI cable
HDMI high-definition multimedia interface, generally used on high-definition displays, can be connected HDMI monitors and monitors, now many network boxes can also be connected to TVs through cables, transmitting audio and video signals. The general HDMI signal transmission is less than 30 meters, then the maximum transmission distance for the average quality cable is about 15 meters. So how is HDMI transmitted over long distances? There are many ways to extend HDMI, and you can also use HDMI fiber optic cable, which can be used according to the actual situation.
1. You can use a conversion extender
HDMI signals do not pass through other devices (transmit 120 meters). HDMI signals generally cannot be directly transmitted to more than 30 meters with HDMI cables, and there are almost no HDMI finished lines above 30 meters on the market. In this case, if it is just a simple transmission of HDMI signals to the display device, HDMI signals do not pass through other devices, we can use the method of extending the signal with a network cable, using an HDMI network cable extender to extend the signal, HDMI network cable extender is divided into a sending end (HDMI input, network cable output) and a receiving end (network cable input, HDMI output), which can be extended by 100 meters (Category 5 network cable), 120 meters (Category 6 network cable).
2. HDMI fiber extender
Of course, if you need to transmit farther, you can also use HDMI fiber extenders.
DVI
DVI is a digital video interface, the general DVI line can only effectively transmit the signal about 5 meters, more than 5 meters will produce signal attenuation. This shortcoming greatly limits the popularity and application of DVI devices. DVI-D can only receive digital signals; DVI-I can receive digital signals and analog signals at the same time, and the transmission distance is short, 7-15M.
5. VGA line
VGA line transmits analog signals, which is a kind of data transmission line that connects the computer graphics card to the monitor or TV and transmits information. It is responsible for outputting the corresponding image signal to the display and is the bridge between the computer and the monitor. It has been widely used in the field of color display, but it is easy to attenuate, short transmission distance, and easy to interfere. But its transmission distance is stronger than HDMI and DVI, and its 3+4/6VGA transmission distance is 20-40M.
RS232 and RS485
1、RS232：
RS232 transmission distance is limited, the maximum transmission distance standard value is 15 meters, and can only communicate point-to-point, the maximum transmission rate is 20kB/s.
2、RS485：
The maximum transmission distance of RS485 is 1219 meters. The maximum transmission rate is 10Mbps, and the maximum communication distance can be reached at a transmission rate of 100Kb/s.
With impedance matched, low-attenuation special cables can reach 1800 meters! More than 1200 meters, repeaters (up to 8) can be added, so that the transmission distance is close to 10Km.
7. USB cable
USB (Universal Serial Bus), short for Universal Serial Bus, is an external bus standard used to regulate the connection and communication between computers and external devices. It is an interface technology applied in the PC field. The USB interface supports plug-and-play and hot-swap capabilities for devices. The effective distance specified by the USB protocol is 5 meters, a longer USB extension cable can be used, and the quality of the cable should be good. Inferior USB extension cable does not reach 5 meters. Of course, if the USB cable wants to transmit over long distances, you can also use an extender.
Post time: Jul-03-2023